Typewriting machine



M. C. CRAWLEIY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug] 29'. 4sheets-sheet 2 July 29, 1924. l

M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug. 29, 1917 4sheetsfsheet 5 v @nvm/Lio@ 51; clito/mei? r 4 1,503,027 July 29 1924 M.c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE original Filed Aug. 29, 191? 4sheets-sheet 4 Patented .Bully 2Q, 924i.

MANSFIELD C. CRWLEY, OF GROTON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 ADDOGRAYH COM-PNY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION' OF CALIFORNIA.

TYPETING' MACHINE.

Application led August 29, 1917, Serial No. 188,770. Renewed December 3,1921. Serial No; 519,804.

" movements either toward the right or toward the left side of themachine through a part of said power means, whereby the carriage may beletter spaced, as well as advanced or returned with a continuous runningmove-ment, by power other than that applied to the keys by an operatorThe improvements are especially adapted for use in machines havingpower-operated printing mechanism, and have been shown embodied in amachine having poweroperated printing mechanism of the character shownin my reissued Letters Patent dated July -3,.19Q3, Reissue No. 15,640,wherein a'type-bar actuator is driven forwardly by a spring motor toimpel a typebar to printing position and is retracted by acontinuously-running rotary'motor, such. as an ordinary electric motor.

The present invention has for its priny cipal objects to provide meanswhereby the entire letter-space movement incidental to actuation of anyone of the character keys or the space-bar is imparted to the carriageduring one stroke of the actuator and by powertransmitted to the feedmechanism during said stroke of the actuator by one of saidy motorsonly; to provide means operated by one of said motors to lock thecarriage at the end of each letter-space movement and releasedby theother motor when the actuator is retracted to normal position; and toprovide means whereby the rotary motor may drive thecarriagecontinuously in either vdirection;through a part of theaforesaid letter-spacing means. n the embodiment of the inventionillustrated, the letter-space mechanism is operated to move the carriageone full letter-space at a time during each forward, type-bar-impellingstroke of the actuator, the letterspace mechanism being operated on itsfeed stroke by the actuator under the influence of the spring motor andbeing restored to normal position on the return or idle stroke of theactuator under the influence of the rotary motor, and this constructionis an important feature of the present invention. It will 4be understoodthat the invention is not limited in its application to the 'horizontalsectional View of the machine,

the platen carriage being removed;

Fig. 3 a vertical sectional view similar to Fig. 1 on a larger scale,portions of the machine being broken away;

Fig. f1 a detail vertical sectional view substantially on the line IV-IVof Fig, 2;

Fig. 5 a detail sectional view, showing the carriage-controlled devicesin side elevation;

Fig. 6 a. vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line VI-VIof Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 a similar view taken on the line VII- VII of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 a det-ail horizontal sectional view taken on the line VIII-VIIIof Fig. 5;

Fig, 9 a detail view of a part of the mea-ns for actuating the trip bar;and

Fig. 10, a detail view of the connection between the trip bar and thelink which releases the actuator. i l

As the carriage feeding mechanism is operated through the type baractuating means, it will be necessary to first briefly describe the typebar action,

Referring to the various parts by' numerals, 1 designates the frame ofthe type- Writing machine, which, of course, may be of any suitable formand construction. In the upper part of the frame is the usual printingplaten 2 which is mountedin any suitable form of platen carriage 3. Thetype bars 4 are mounted in a suitably constructed type segment 5 and areadapted to swing upwardly and rearwardly to the platen. At` the rear ofthe machine is mounted a suitable form of rotary motor 6, said 'motorpreferably being electrically operated; and in the machine frame at therear thereof is mounted, in suitable journals, a main driving shaft 7,said shaft being provided at one end with a pulley 8 which is connectedby means of a belt 9 to a driving pulley 10 mounted on the motorarmature shaft. The shaft 7 is continuously rotated in the directionindicated by the arrow in Figs. 1 and 3.

Mounted in the frame, a suitable distance in the rear of the type barsegment 5, is a coupler support 11, said support being in the form of asegment corresponding somewhat in form to the type bar segment 5.Pivotally connected to the lower rear end of each type bar is a coupler12, said coupler extending rearwardly and being formed at its rear endwith a downwardly extendin foot 13 the lower end of which is forme witha downwardly and forwardly extending locking-toe 14, adapted to rest onthe coupler supporting segment and t'o engage the ver-4 tical dange 15thereon to lock the type bar against rebound from its rest. There is aslight space between the'toe and the said flange 15, which will permitthe type bar to have a slight movement suflicient to bring the toe intodirect engagement kwith the flange. The coupler foot is formed with aheel part 16 at its upper end, a downwardly and rearwardly inclined camsurface 17 connecting the heel to the toe, as clearly .shown in thedrawings. Extending upwardly and forwardly from the coupler supportingsegment is a slotted rigid guide 18. The substantially horizontal bodyportion of each coupler extends through one of the slots of the saidguide and is thereby held against lateral vibration. To each couplernear its forward end is connected a spring 195, the other end of saidspring bein connected to the lower portion of the coup er supportingsegment and serving to return the type bar and the coupler to theirnormal at-rest p0- sitions.

Extending rearwardly from the type bar segment support are twohorizontal frame bars 20, said frame bars being connected at theirforward and rear ends by horizontal rock shafts 21 and 22, the shaft22being extended at one end through the side ofthe machine frame toreceive a tensioning device (not shown). Depending from the shafts '21'and 22 between the frame bars 20 are the arms 24 and 25 and the links26. Coiled ,of the drawings.

kabout the shaft 22 between depending arms 25 is a spring 23, the endsof which engage y end of the inclined surfaces 17 ,'as clearly shown inFigs. 1 and 3 of the drawings.

Rigidly secured to the drive shaft 7 is a ratchet wheel 31. A.stub-shaft 32 .is in axial alignment with shaft 7, and on one endthereof adjacent the ratchet wheel, is mounted an arm 33 which carries apawl 34 said pawl being pressed toward the ratchet wheel by means of aspring 35 which is secured to the arm l33. The arm 33 is provided withan outwardly extending stop lug 36 which is adapted to engage aspring-pressed latch 37, said latch being mounted upon the rear wall ofthe machine frame and being pressed into the path of the stop lug 36 bthe spring 38. Rigidly secured to the sha t support is a cam 39 which isadapted to be .engaged by the rear end of the pawl and to release saidpawl from the ratchet wheel. Connected to the spring-pressed latch 37 isa forwardly extending link 40, the forward end of lsaid link beingconnected to the trip bar 30, `as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2 Securedto the other end of the shaft 32 is a crank arm' 41, said arm beingconnected to the rear end of a rod 42 `yhosg forward end is pivoted onthe actuator Connected to the lrear end of each keyl lever is avertically extending coupler-lift ing bar 43, the upper end of said barbeing guided in a `vertical slot in the coupler supporting segment. Aspring 43a yieldingly holds the lifting bar 43 directly under the toe ofthe coupler, as shown clearly in Fig. l. l/Vhen the stop lug 36 is inengagement with the latch 37 the pawl 34 is released from the ratchet 31and the actuator is locked in its rearmost position, as shown in Figs. 1and 3 yof the drawings. Upon the depression of a key the connctedcoupler-moving b-ar 43 is raised, thereby forcing upwardly the foot ofthecoupler. The inclined surface 17 of the coupler forces rearwardly thetrip bar 30, thereby releasing the latch-37 from the stop lug 36. rlhispermits the driving spring to move thel arms 24 and 25 and the connectedactuator bar forward. The upward movement ofL the bar 43 has lifted thecoupler suflici'ent-- ly to bring the heel thereof directly in front ofthe actuator bar so that when said bar is released as described, it willengage the coupler bar and throw the ty e bar to the printing point. As.soon as tile '-pawl is released f'rom'the cam the spring throws .it intoengagement with the ratchet wheel, 'and thereafter the shaft 32will-rotate with the ratchet until the stop lug contacts with the latch37 and the pawl engages the cam 39, whereupon the actuator bar willagain be locked in its retracted position. The type bar will be free toreturn to its positlon of rest .and the coupler will drop to the couplersupporting segment in front of the bar 43. As soon as the .key lever isreleasedthe bar 43 .is-drawn downwardly into its proper position belowthe toe 'of the coupler, as shown clearly in Figure 1 of the drawings.The printing mechanism above described is constructed and operatessubstantially the same as that shown and described in my aforesaidreissued Letters Patent, except that in the present construction therebound-preventing means 14-15 provided and the arm 33 is affixed to an1n dependent shaft 32 in axial alignment with sleeve 47 which carries atits lower end a cross head 48. On the shaft 44 below the 'cross head 48is rigidly secured a bevel pinion 49, s aid pinion carrying on its upersurface a star detent wheel 50 which 1s adapted to be engaged by aroller 5l mounted on arm 52, said arm being pivoted at 53 and pressedinwardly toward the star wheel by means of spring 54 whereby the detentwheel will be yieldingly held by the roller 51. Connected to theactuator 27 is a link 55, the rear end of said link being connected tolthe cross head 48, as shown clearly in Fig. 8. Pivotally mounted on thecross head 48,'on the opposite side of the shaft 44 from the linkconnection 55, is a. pawl 56 which normally is spring-pressed against arigid stop 57, said stop being suitably mounted in the frame-as shown inFig.

5. and extending upwardly in front of the star wheel 50.l The pawl 56 isprovided with a downwardly extending lug 58 which is adapted to bebrought into engagement with one of the teeth of the star detent 50 whenthe crc-ss head 48 is rocked on the shaft 44 through the actuator 27 andthe link 55. Normally. and in its at-rest position. the lug 58 is out ofthe arc of travel of the detent wheel and against the stop 57. To insurethe dog engaging a tooth of the star for the type bars is detent when itis drawn rearwardly, a stop pin 59 is carried by the cross head inposition to be'engaged by one `edge of the pawlto thereby guide the 1u58.into engagement with the detent. T e end of the cross head adjacentthe pivotal connection of the link 55 is provided with a slot 60, asshown clearly in Fig. 8.

It is manifest that as the cross head 4S is oscillatedthrugh itsconnection. with the actuator 27, the shaft 44 is given a stepby-steprotary movement through the pawl 56 and the detent wheel 50. It is alsoclear that this step-by-step rotary movement results in astep-by-steptransverse movement of the carriage, by reason of the connection betweenthe' pinion 45 and the carriage rack.

To lock the carriage at each step andto prevent it moving more than oneStep, and

-to secure uniform letter spacing, a carriage locking device is mountedin the frame, a portion of -said device being adapted to intermittentlyengage the carriage rack, an-

other portion being in engagement with the cross head 48 so that it willbe operated through-the type bar actuator. To the under side of thetransverse frame bar, close to the carriage drive shaft 44, are rigidlysecured two depending brackets 62. To .the lower end of these bracketsis pivoted an arch-v shaped locking dog 63 which is formed with anupwardly extending rack-engaging tooth 64, said tooth being arranged tovibrate in a slot in the supporting frame, and toibe moved into and outof engagement with the teeth of the rack bar. Pivoted to the outer sidesof the brackets 62, near their upper ends, is a U-shaped trip dog 65,the lower end of said dog being provided with a depending pin` 66 whichis arranged to fit in the slot 60 of the cross head 48. The upper crossbar of the locking dog 63 is connected by a spring 67 to the, lowercross bar of the trip dog, the point-of connection between the springand the lookin dog being above the pivots v68 of the trip og, and theoint of connection between the lower end o said spring and the cross barof the trip dog being below the pivot 69 of the locking dog.

In Fig. 5 the parts of the carriage locking device are shown in theposition which they occupy when the type bar actuator is locked in itsretracted position. It is to be noted that the rack-engaging tooth 64 ofthe locking dog is thrown rearward and lfree of the carriage rack, andthat the spring is in the rear of the pivotal points of thelocking dogand the trip dog. In Fig. 7 the parts of the locking device are in theposition which they assume when the type bar actuator has completed itsforward movement. It is to be noted that the cross head 48 has beenthrown forwardly and that the trip dog has moved forwardly r11-"h it,thereitjf carrying the spring forward of the pivotal i dog 58 of pawl 56is points lbetweenthe locking dog and its support and the trip dog andits support so that the tension of the spring tendsto throw both of saiddogs forwardly on their pivots and holds the tooth ofthe locknoted thatthe trip dog must be swung forv wardly suicientlyffa-r to carry thespring forward of the pivot of the locking dog 63,

and Ythat during -this movement the locking 'dog will remain stationary.As soon, however,v as the spring 67 has been carried forward of thepivot 65 the tension of said spring will throw the locking dog forwardon its pivot. the cross head will' move sutiicient to operate the starwheel one tooth before the tooth 64 has been snapped into the carriagerack. The movement of the locking tooth must be so timed that it willsnap into the carriage rack the instant said rack has .been-A advan`c'edon'e tooth by the forward movementi of the actuator. 'lhe'locking tooth64 is ytimed'to snap into the carriage rack just prior to .the blow ofthe type head on `the platen, so that the platenwill be positivelylocked at the time of the impact of the type head on the platen. Whenthe actuator returns to its retracted position the tooth 64 of thelocking dog will be thrown rearwardly out of engagement with the rackand at the same time the operating pawl 56 will be brought intoengagement with the rigid stop 57.

The actuator in its type-bar-impelling movement swings the locking doginto engagement with the carriage rack while the continuously operatingmotor releases the locking dog from the carriage rack the same time thatit retracts the actuator. The actuator on its forward-stroke under theinfluence of the spring motor first operates means for moving thecarriage for letter or word spacing, and then operates means for lockingthe carriage against movement during the printing operation, and ou itsrearward stroke under the influence of the continuously operating motorthe actuator releases the locking device from the carriage rack andplaces it in position for another locking operation througlrthe movementof the actuator` and also restores the carriagemoving means to normalposition ready for another letter-spacing operation.

A space key -is provided for operating the carriage feeding meanswithout moving a type bar to the printing position. To the inner end ofthe space key is connected a vertical bar 71 whose upper end is guidedin a suitable slot in the coupler supporting segment 11. The bar 71 isforked at its It is manifest, therefore, that' upper end, thev prongs ofthe forked por- ,the trip bar 30. Above the cam surface 73 the triplever extends upwardly to form a lug 74 which is adapted to be swunginto the path of the actuator when the trip lever 72 is moved upwardlyby the bar 71. The trip lever 72 is vpivoted at its rear end to thelower end of a forwardly and rearwardly swinging arm 75, a spring 76normally tending to throw the trip lever 72 downwardly and maintainingit at rest upon the coupler supporting segment 11. A spring 77 tendstoswing the arm 75 rearwardly. In. operation the depression of the spacekey moves the bar 71 upwardly to engage lug 72 and causes the trip lever72 to actuate the trip bar 30. The upward movement of the trip leverplaces the lug 74 in the path of the actuator.v Upon the release of theactuator it contacts with the lug 74 and throws it downwardly andforwardly, free of the trip bar, so that upon the retraction of theactuator the latch devices 36 and 37V will properly engage and lock theactuator in its retracted position in the manner described. Vhen thetrip lever is free of the actuator it is thrown by its spring 76downwardly to vthe coupler supporting segment, and 1is then drawnrearwardly by means of the springs 77 and 76. lVhen the bar 7 2 isthrown forwardly by theactuator the lug 72 will drop in front of the bar71, and as the trip bar is drawn rearwardly by its springs, the bar 71will also move rearwardly in its guide slot, but its spring 71a willdraw it downwardly until it is free of the lug 72a. The bal' 7l willthen be in its normal position below the lug 72a.

On the main drive shaft 7 are loosely -mounted two bevel gears 78 and 79which mesh with the beveled pinion 49 on the carriage drive shaft. Onthe shaft 7 between the gears 78 and 79 is secured, b v means of a Ikeyand key-way, a slidable head 80, said head carrying clutch members 8land 82 which are adapted to be brought into engagement with the innersurfaces of the gears 78 aud 79 to frictionally lock either one of saidgoals to the drive shaft. A bellcrank lever 83 is pivoted at 84 andcarries a roller 83a which bears on the clutch membels 8l and 82. Thelever 83 is arranged to be shifted on its pivot by a suitably arrangedkey 83" to cause the. roller 88 to bear on one or the other of theclutch members 81-82 to cause the engaged member to `from the star Wheelwhenever one of rot-ate its gear. The purpose of this construction is torotate the carriage driving gear 45 in either direction in order toshift the carriage by a running movement from one side to the other ofthe machine frame. This carriage shifting mechanism is more fullydescribed in my copending application Serial No. 188,772.

Mounted in the machine frame is a transverse rock shaft 85 which isprovided with a forwardly extending cam arm 86. This cam arm is adaptedto engage a notch in the lower end of a lever 87, the upper end of saidlever engaging the edge of the arm 52 and serving to releasethe lockingroll 51 the gears 78 and 79 is locked to the drive shaft. This permitsthe free rotation of the carriage driving pinion. The equivalent of this mechanism also is fully described in my copending applicationhereinbefore referred to, Serial No. 188,772.

A series of carriage stops 90 are mounted in the machine frame, and areadapted to be lifted by keys 91 into the path of the carriage dog 92 tostop the carriage at any desired point in its transverse travel. Therock-shaft 93, and the connected parts 94, 95 and 96 are a part of acase shift mechanism which forms no part of this invention and need notbe fully describedyherein.

The printing mechanism per se is claimed in my aforesaid Patent No.1,455,112 and Reissue No. 15,640. The carriage letterspacing means,carriage locking means, and the means for imparting running movements tothe carriage, have certain features in common with the mechanisms shownand described in my Patents No. 1,469,777 and No. 1,469,778, datedOctober 9, 1923, wherein said common subject matter is broadly claimed.

The nature and scope of the invention having been thus indicated and oneof its embodiments having been specifically described, what is claimedas new is:

1. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven type-bar actuator, means formoving the carriage letter-spacing from said actuator, means for lockingthe carriage against movement also operated by said actuator, andindependent motor means for restoring the actuator to retracted positionand unlocking the carriage-locking device.

2. ln a typewriting machine, mechanism for driving the carriageembodying a shaft carrying a pinion engaging a rack on the carriage, andan independent mechanism for feeding the carriage for letter spacingthrough the medium of said pinion, this latter mechanisn'i beingoperated by the typebar actuating mechanism and embodying africtionally-operating detent device for accurately determining thefeeding distance.

I5. ln a typcwriting machine, mechanism Aa pinion,

through the medium of the mechanism forV for driving the carriageembodying a shaft carrying a pinion engaging a rack on the carriage, andan independent mechanism for feeding the carriage for letter spacingthrough the medium of said pinion, this latter mechanism being operatedby the type-bar actuating mechanism and embodying africtionally-operating device consisting of a detent Wheel and aspring-actuated roller frictionally engaging the depressions in saidwheel.

4. In a typewriting machine, a carriagefeeding device embodying a shaftcarrying means for rotating this shaft operating the type-bar, saidmeans embodying a star detent wheel, a pawl device for engaging theteeth thereof to rotate the saine, and a spring-pressed roller forengaging between the teeth of the Wheel to accurately determine the feedof the carriage.

5. In a typewriting machine, a carriagefeed embodying a shaft'andpinion, means for rotating said shaft from the writing mechanism, saidmeans embodying a star detent wheel affixed-to said shaft, a crossheador lever journaled on said shaft adjacent to said star wheel,an`actuating member connected to one end of said cross-head, a pawlconnected to the other end of said cross-head and adapted to engage theteeth of the detent wheel, a frictional means for engaging the detentwheel to hold it accurately in its adjusted positions, and acarriage-locking device engaged by said cross-head.

6.*In a typewriting machine,'a carriagefeeding mechanism, and acarriage-locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism andembodying a pair of oppositelyswinging members connected by a spring,one of said members being adapted to engage the carriage to lock thesame and the other being connected to the carriage-feeding mechanism.

7. A typewriting machine comprising a forwardly and rearwardlyreciprocable type bar actuator, and means operated during each forwardtype bar operating stroke of said actuator to move the carriage one fullletter space and then to lock the carriage during the printing operaton.0

8. A typewriting machine comprising a forwardly and rearwardlyreciprocable type bar actuator, means operated by the forward type baroperating stroke of said actuator ward position, key-operated means forreleasing said actuator, and means operated by the forward stroke of theactuator to first move a paper carriagey a -u'l-l letter space and tothen lock the carriage during the printing operation.- y

10. A typewriting machine'comprising a horizontally reciprocable typebar actuator, means for locking said actuator in its rearward position,key-operated means for releasing said actuator, and means operated bythe ,forward strokeof the actuator to first movea paper carriage a fullletter space and to then lock thefcarriage durin the printing,eoperation, said last mentloned means ing` operated by the returnrearward-movement of the actuator to release the carriage. y p

11. The combina-tion with a bank of key levers, ayreciprocable actuatingbar, means operatedby said actuator for moving a paper carriage a fullletter space during each advance stroke of the actuator and advancingthe actuator, a rotary motor,-

means adapted to be operated by said motor riage, means for moving Athecarriage. for

to retract' the actuator, said meansvoperato ing independently of thekeys, means automatically disconnecting said actuator from the motor,and locking it in its retracted lposition, and means operable by anyAone of the key levers to release the actuator locking means. c

' 12. The combinationrwith a bank of key levers, a reciprocableactuator, a platen carletter spacing from s aid actuator, means distinctfrom said carriage-moving means for locking` the carriage againstmovement also operated lby said actuator, spring means for advancing theactuator to operate the carriage moving and locking means, a rotarymotor, means operable by said motor to retract the actuator to unlockthe carriage, means operable by the actuator-advancing means to connectthe actuator to the rotary motor, .means automatic-ally disconnectingsaid' actuator from the motor and locking it in its retracted position,and means operable byany one of the keys to release the actuator lockingmeans.

13. In a typewriting .machina a platen carriage, a series of key levers,a reciproeating actuator, -force feed letter-spacing means operated bysaid actuator for moving the carriage step by step full letter-spacesduring advance movements only of the artuator, a yieldable power meansfor advancing kthe actuator to operate the letter-spacing means, aconstantly operating motor means to retract the actuator against itsmoving means, means operating,automatically and independently of therelease of the key levers to connect the actuator to the constantlyoperating motor means, means to lock the actuator in its retractedposition, and means operable by any one of they keys to release f theactuator.

14. In a typewriting machine, a pla-ten carriage, key levers, areciprocating actuator, means operated 'by sai-d actuator on eachadvance movement thereof for moving the carriage a full letter-space andthen locking Ithe carriage, a yleldable power means for advancing theactuator, a constantly operating motor to retract the actuator againstits moving means and release the carriage, means'to lock the actuator inits retracted position, means operable by any one of the keys to releasethe actuator, and means to connect the actuator to the constantlyoperatin motor after the carriage moving and ocking means has beenoperated.

15. In a typewriting machine, key levers, an actuator, means operated bysaid actuator during movements of the actuator in one direction only formoving the carriage step by step full letter-spaces, yieldable means foradvancing the actuator, a superior power mea-ns For retracting theactuator, an automatically operati-ng make-andbreak connection betweensaid superior l power means and the actuator, means for locking theactuator in its retracted position when the connection between saidactuator and superior power means is broken,

and a release means for said locking'means adapted to be operated bysaid key levers.

16. In atypewriting machine, a motordriven carriage-feed andmotor-driven means for locking the carriage at the end of the feeding.movement comprising a quick-acting member adapted tobe springactuatedinto the feed-rack` at the end of the feed movement of the carriage.

17. In a typewriting machine, a springactuated type-bar-actuator, acarriage feeding mechanism operated thereby and cmbodying aspring-actuated pivoted pawl, a friction'ally-held detent-wheel, and amember for holding said pawl out of engagement with the detcnt-wheelWhile said typebar-actuator is at rest.

18. In a typewriting machine, a motordriven carriage runningand'lettcr-spacing mechanism embodying a pinion and means for driving itcontinuously in either direction. a shaft carrying this pinion, anotherpinion on the'shaft engaging a rack on the carriage, an oscillating`cross-head ymounted on said shaft and rockable thereon, a detent-Wheelcarried by said shaft, a pawl carried on one end ofsaid cross-head andadapted to engage said detcnt-wheel to rotate the same and thusletter-space the cary riage, and a spring-actuated type-bar-actuatorconnected to the other end ot' said cross-head.' for the purpose set.forth.

19. In a typewriting machine, a forwardly and rearwardly reciproeabletype bar actuator, and means operating during the forward working strokeof the actuator to iirst move the carriage laterally a full letterspace,and then locking the carriage during the printing operation, said meansbeing operated to ielease the carriage when the actuator is movedrearwardly.

20. Inatypewriting machine, key levers, a forwardly and rearwardlyreciprocable actuator, carriage feeding means adapted to be operated bysaid actuator on its forward stroke to first move the carriage a fullletter space and to then lock the carriage during the printingoperation, a yieldable power means for advancing the actuator, aconstantly operating motor means to retract the actuator against itsmoving means, means to lock the actuator in its retracted position, andmeans operable by the keys to release the actuator.

21. In a typewriting machine, a -platen carriage, key levers, aforwardly and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, 'carriage feeding meansadapted to be operated by said actuator on its forward stroke to firstmove the carriage a full letter-space and to then lock thecarriage\during the printing operation, a yieldablelpower means foradvancing the actuator, a constantly operating motor means to retractthe actuator against its moving means and release the carriage, meanstolock the actuator in its retracted position, means operable by the keysto release the actuator and means to connect the carriage to theconstantly operating motor to run the carriage in either direction.

22. In a tvpewriting machine, a carriage, a rack, a pinion engaging saidrack, a forwardly and rearwardly reciprocable actuator, means adapted tobe operated by said actuator torrotate said pinion step-by-step to movethe carriage for letter spacing, said means operating to move thecarriage a full letter spa( e on the forward stroke of the actuator, ayieldable power means for advancing the actuator, a constantly operatingmotor means for retracting lthe actuator against its moving means, meansto lock the actuator in its retracted posit-ion, and keys to release theactuator. I

23. In a typewr1ting machine, a carriage,

Aa rack, a p1n1on engaging said rack, a forwardly .and rearwardlyreciprocable actuator, means adapted to be operated by said aetuator torotate said pinion step-by-step to move the carriage one fullletter-space ata time, said means operating to letter-space the carriageonly on the forward stroke of the actuator, a yieldable power means foradvancing the actuator, a constantly opera-ting motor means forretracting the actuator against its moving means, means to lock theactuator in its retracted position, keys to release the actuator, andmeans to connect the carriage to the constantly operating motor to runthe carriage in either direction.

24. In a typewriting machine, a carriage feeding mechanism and acarriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism andembodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said membersbeing adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocableactuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feedingmechanism to move said carriage for letter spacing, and means connectingone of the said oppositely swinging members to said actuator to swingthe locking member into engagement with the carriage at the completionof the letter spacing movement thereof.

25. In a typewriting machine, a carriage feeding mechanism and acarriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism andembodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said membersbeing adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocableactuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feedingmechanism tomove said carriage for letter` spacing, means connecting oneof the said oppositely swinging members to said acy tuator to swing thelocking member into engagement with the carriage at the completion ofthe letter spacing movement thereof, and a spring connecting said twomembers together whereby when the actuator has completed its letterspacing movement the spring will snap one of the oppositely swingingmembers into engagement with the carriage to lock it.

26. In a typewriting machine', a carriage feeding mechanism and acarriage locking mechanism operated by said feeding mechanism andembodying a pair of oppositely swinging members, one of said membersbeing adapted to engage the carriage to lock the same, a reciprocableactuator, means connecting said actuator to the carriage feedingmechanism to move said carriage for letter spacing, means connecting oneof the said oppositely swinging members to said actuator to swing thelocking member into engagement with thecarriagwat the completion of theletter spacing movement thereof, a spring connecting said two memberstogether whereby when the actuator has completed its letter spacingmovement'the spring will snap one of the -'oppositely swinging membersinto engagement with the carriage and to also snap it out of. engagementwith the carriage when the lother part is actuated.

28. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator actuated by aspring-motor on its working stroke, a rotary-motor for retract-Y ing theactuator, and a carriage-feed mechanism operating to feed the carriage afull letter-space during one of the strokes 'of the actuator andactuated during its carriagefeeding movement by power derived from themotor causing said stroke of the actuator. v

29. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator anda motor foractuating vit to move a type-bar to printing position, a superior powermotor for retracting the typebar-actuator, a latching mechanism forholding the actuator in its retracted position, minting-key-operatedmeans for releasing the latching mechanism, and independent space-keymechanism for releasing the latch Without putting a type-bar intoaction, and means forv feeding the 'carriage a full letterspace duringeach movement of the actuator by said first-mentioned motor.

30. In a typewriting machine, a type-baractuator, a motor for impartingits actuating stroke and another motor for retracting it,.and meansactuated from the actuator for feeding the carriage a full letter-spaceduring each stroke imparted to the actuator by one of said motors only.

This specification signed this twentyseventh day of August A. D. 1917.

. MANSFIELD C. CRAWLEY

